UNIT 4 – BIODIVERSITY ENHANCEMENT

1. What biodiversity means

Biodiversity means having many different plants, animals, insects, and microorganisms in one area.

On farms, biodiversity enhancement means increasing the variety of life to create a healthier, more balanced system.

Learners can identify that:

Monoculture (one crop only) weakens soil and increases pests

Diverse crops and natural areas make farms stronger and more resilient

2. Why biodiversity matters

Biodiversity supports farming in several important ways. Learners can explain that it:

Attracts pollinators (bees, butterflies) that help plants produce fruits and seeds

Supports natural predators (birds, ladybugs) that reduce harmful insects

Improves soil health by supporting different soil organisms

Strengthens resilience to climate change and extreme weather

3. Hedgerows & field margins

Hedgerows are lines of bushes or trees along field edges.

Field margins are small natural areas at the borders of farms.

Learners can describe that these areas:

Provide shelter and food for birds, insects, and small animals

Act as wildlife corridors, helping animals move safely

Reduce wind and prevent soil erosion

Create a more balanced farm ecosystem

4. Pollinator habitats with native flowering plants

Pollinator habitats are areas planted with native flowers that attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators.

Learners can analyse that:

Native plants grow well in local conditions

Pollinators increase fruit and seed production

Flower strips support biodiversity and improve yields naturally